Abstract：During shallow exploration in transitional area of beach,a set of effective seismic data acquisition and processing method has been formed,acquiring following knowledge: ①②The seismic data acquisition technology includes following contents: geometry design technique improving shallow folds,shooting technique improving resolution,bubble effect-suppressed technique and secondary positioning technique of hydrophone.The geometry design technique improving shallow folds demands the geometry to be characterized by small bin-size,short offset,sparse density of shooting points;shooting technique improving resolution demands that using dynamite source for shooting is convenient in transitional belt where the water depth is less than 2m,and using the shooting mode of shallow well and small charge size and following the principle "less airgun number and short array interval" to select different airgun array according to different sea areas,the aim of which is to better suppress bubble effect and improve data S/N ratio.The secondary positioning technique of hydrophone can accurately determine the practical position of geophone and is important link ensuring data acquired precision.The seismic data processing technique includes following contents: secondary positioning correction of hydrophone,handy muting NMO stretch,wavelet match technique,sea-bottom singing suppressed processing and prestack time migration processing.In face to the drift issue of hydrophone,using sonar positioning results and secondary positioning results of first breaks to carry out correction of geophone position,determining true position of geophone and improving the data processed precision;handy muting NMO stretch is used to improve the S/N ratio of shallow data;wavelet match technique requires that the wavelet match filtering is carried out before CDP gather stack in order to eliminate the difference of seismic wavelet resulted from different land and marine acquisition methods,getting good stack results;using two-step predictive deconvolution to suppress sea-bottom singing can make the sea-bottom singing be better attenuated and greatly improve the S/N ratio of section;the migrated imaging precision of complex structure and minor fault with 5m separation can be improved by prestack time migration imaging processing.
