地震道集优化方法及应用

doi:10.13810/j.cnki.issn.1000-7210.2016.02.004

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摘要文中提出了一种与剩余时差无关的绝对值互相关道集拉平方法。将地震道与参考道进行绝对值互相关,得到初步时移量,利用相关系数、时移量的门槛值进行控制和优化,得到最终时移量,进而拉平道集,能适应道集不平的各种异常情况;采用谱均衡技术消除波形畸变,引入简化的子波压缩因子,计算不同角度子波振幅谱,并与参考道子波振幅谱进行对比,得到拉伸因子,可以解决动校拉伸引起的远道频率降低问题。在多个地区的应用结果表明,该方法能较好地校平叠前地震道集和去除远道波形畸变,改善道集的品质。

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关键词 ：剩余时差, 互相关, 道集拉平, 谱均衡, 动校拉伸

Abstract：This paper proposes a gather flattening approach with absolute value cross-correlation which has nothing to do with residual movemout. Preliminary time shift of seismic traces is obtained by absolute value cross-correlation between the reference and seismic traces. Preliminary time shift amount can be optimized by time shift amount thresholds and correlation coefficient, and the final time shift amount is obtained and can be used to flatten gathers. This approach can adapt to a variety of unusual gathers. Waveform distortion can be improved by spectrum equalizer. We can calculate wavelet amplitude spectrum at different angles by introducing a simplified wavelet compression factor. And the stretch factor can be obtained after the comparison with wavelet amplitude spectrum of the reference trace. NMO stretch of far offset traces can be solved with no frequency damage. Field data tests in a few areas show that this approach can both flatten prestack gathers and remove waveform distortion.

Key words： residual movemout cross correlation gather flattening spectrum equalization NMO stretch

收稿日期: 2014-10-23

P631

通讯作者: 周鹏,北京市朝阳区太阳宫南街6号院中海油大厦A座1003室,100028。Email:zhoupeng@cnooc.com.cn E-mail: zhoupeng@cnooc.com.cn

作者简介: 周鹏,工程师,1978年生;2002年毕业于中国石油大学(华东)地球物理专业获学士学位,2005年毕业于中国石油大学(北京)地球探测与信息技术专业获硕士学位;现在中海油研究总院从事地震资料处理及储层预测研究。

引用本文:

周鹏, 张益明, 刘志斌, 刘春成. 地震道集优化方法及应用[J]. 石油地球物理勘探, 2016, 51(2): 232-237. Zhou Peng, Zhang Yiming, Liu Zhibin, Liu Chuncheng. Seismic gather optimization. OGP, 2016, 51(2): 232-237.

链接本文:

http://www.ogp-cn.com/CN/10.13810/j.cnki.issn.1000-7210.2016.02.004 或 http://www.ogp-cn.com/CN/Y2016/V51/I2/232

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