Seismic motion simulation for horizontal well drilling in Fuyu reservoirs
XIE Chunlin1, LI Yongyi1, CHEN Zhide1, HU Jiuzhan1, TIAN Meng2, WANG Xiaoyang3
1. Exploration and Development Research Institute of Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd., Daqing, Heilongjiang 163712, China; 2. Daqing Research Institute of Geophysical Exploration, BGP, CNPC, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163000, China; 3. The Sixth Oil Production Plant of Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd., Daqing, Heilongjiang 163114, China
Abstract:The geologic and geophysical characteristics of Fuyu reservoirs are as follows:① The reservoirs are thin and superposed; ② Their seismic resolution is low and T2 events (strong top reflections) shield the reservoirs; ③ Both the velocity and the density of the sandstone are higher than that of the mudstone, but the difference is tiny; ④ The corresponding relationship between the impedance and the sandstone is not obvious due to the tuning effect of thin interbedded sandstone and mudstone; ⑤ Gamma ray (GR) and resistivity logging curves can distinguish the sandstone from the mudstone. Finally, GR logging curves were chosen as the characteristic curves used in the seismic motion simulation (SMS) process. The basic ideas of seismic motion simulation are that, constrained by sequence stratigraphic framework, the lateral changes of seismic waveform instead of variation function is used to express the spatial variation of reservoir; constrained by the Bayesian framework, and considering seismic, geological and logging information, a frequency-divided inversion strategy is taken to gradually improve the resolution of inversion results, namely to calculate the low frequency components through logging interpolation, conduct seismic spectrum simulation inversion to obtain intermediate frequency components, and run waveform controlled simulation and random simulation to provide deterministic high-frequency components and random high-frequency components. The reasonable high-frequency components help greatly improve the vertical resolution of the reservoir prediction result. The application of this method to real data shows that:① SMS can improve both vertical resolution and lateral resolution; GR SMS results have so high resolution that they can predict single sand bodies more than 2.4 m thick. However, there are multiple solutions and it is hard to select the best solution. Drilling data should be used to select, and only the solution selected can be used to predict geologic sweet points for future deployment and drilling of horizontal wells; ② Effective samples and the best cut-off frequency, two important parameters of SMS, which decide the quality of inversion, should be chosen through repeated tests.
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