Abstract：The coarse-grained sedimentary fans mainly composed of alluvial fans and fan deltas are large in scale and have diverse systems, good source-reservoir-cap rock configuration, and great exploration potential. In the past, the sedimentary structure and evolution laws of fan deltas were studied by methods including observation of outcrops, core analysis, well logging, and seismic exploration, but these methods faced problems of discontinuity as well as low efficiency and resolution in obtaining subsurface information. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) can be used for rapid, high-resolution, and conti-nuous detection, which is helpful for fine dissection of shallow sedimentary characteristics of fan deltas. Therefore, this paper used GPR to detect the internal structure of the Xiligou Lake fan delta in Qinghai Province, and through field acquisition experiments and analysis of data characteristics and attributes, the influence of a complex environment on detection results was clarified. Then, the optimal field data acquisition scheme was put forward for the fine GPR detection of shallow sedimentary structure of the fan delta in a complex environment. Moreover, three key processing methods, i.e., distance normalization, migration, and static corrections, were proposed to solve the problems of inconsistent trace intervals, event crossing, and topographic relief. As a result, the scheme of high-resolution and fast detection technology for the internal structure of the fan delta is formed. The boundary positioning of channels and dams is realized in submeters, and the size information of channels and dams is provided quantitatively. The influence of floods on the structure and quality of fan delta reservoirs is clarified. The result provides the essential fine architecture combination laws and quantitative geological information for later studies of the modeling of ancient fan-delta reservoirs with a burial depth of several thousand meters.
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