Abstract：Oil in the Maigaiti slope, southwest depression of Tarim Basin is mainly accumulated in the Hercynian period, and Paleozoic strata are at the core of exploration. Exploring the Paleozoic strata of the Maigaiti slope has been continued for many years, but no significant progress has been made so far, the primary reason for which is the lack of understanding about accumulation conditions. This paper analyzes the differences in accumulation conditions (source rock evolution, oil and gas migration conditions, paleo-uplift evolution, and reservoir and preservation conditions) between the Maigaiti slope and surrounding areas, with the following results obtained. ① Different from the north and middle of Tarim Basin where hydrocarbon was generated on a large scale from the Lower Cambrian source rock in the Hercynian period, the Maigaiti slope did not witness the peak of hydrocarbon generation from source rock at in the same period. As a result, the hydrocarbon accumulation scale was limited. ② Accumulation conditions in several areas of the Maigaiti slope were also different. The east and west areas with paleo-uplift distribution were favorable areas for oil-gas migration, conducive to the accumulation of paleo-oil reservoirs in the Hercynian period. However, the paleo-oil reservoirs were damaged to different degrees in the late Hercynian period. The middle of the slope was located in the lower area of the structure in the period, and migration conditions above the gypsum-salt rocks were poor, so hydrocarbons were mainly accumulated under gypsum-salt rocks. ③ Different accumulation conditions led to the differences in oil-gas gathering characteristics in different formations and zones of the Maigaiti slope during the Hercynian period. Therefore, the exploration direction has been determined that the paleo-oil reservoirs of the Hercynian period are sought in the east and west of the slope, and the natural gas reservoirs of the Himalayan period are explored in the middle of the slope.
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