Deep & ultra-deep multiple suppression in Central Sichuan: an example of Gaoshiti-Moxi
DAI Xiaofeng1, XU Youping1, GAN Lideng1, CHEN Xiao2, ZHANG Xuan2, YANG Hao1
1. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China; 2. Exploration and Development Research Institute, Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company, PetroChina, Chengdu, Sichuan 610046, China
Abstract：The Pre-Sinian in Central Sichuan is under-explored up to now,which is far from meeting the needs of deep geological research.At present,the research on Pre-Sinian is mainly based on seismic data.However,seismic energy attenuation is quite fast and signal energy is rather weak due to ancient strata,high formation pressure,and small impedance difference.Besides,some strong reflections at middle and shallow layers cover up weak deep signals,which greatly reduce the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of deep and ultra-deep seismic data.All these will result in structure or formation illusions and mislead the geological interpretation.For this reason,deep seismic reflection characteristics are analyzed on the basis of deep seismic data in Central Sichuan.It is believed that strong multiples exists in Cambrian and Sinian,and multiples at ultra-deep Pre-Sinian are originated from shallow strong reflections,which leads very low SNR in deep and ultra-deep seismic data.To remove this kind of multiples,a strategy of multiple suppression combining prestack and poststack is proposed.The key techniques include strata-bound velocity analysis,high-resolution parabolic Radon transform,optimized offset stack,and poststack F-X domain filter to suppress residual multiple.On seismic processing results of Gaoshiti-Moxi 3D,seismic data has a better correlation with logging data; ultra-deep low-angle sheet multiples are effectively eliminated; seismic imaging quality is significantly improved; and characteristics of ultra-deep stratigraphic structures are clearer.
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