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Quick Search     Advanced Search OGP   2024 Vol.59 Issue.2 Published 2024-04-15 PROCESSING TECHNIQUE SEISMIC SIMULATION MICROSEISMIC COMPREHENSIVE RESEARCH NON-SEISMIC REVIEW INTELLIGENT GEOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUE PERSONEGE 0     Guide:  2024 Vol. 59 (2): 0-0 [Abstract] ( 76 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1079KB] ( 82 ) 289 2024 Vol. 59 (2): 289-289 [Abstract] ( 48 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 901KB] ( 19 ) 342 2024 Vol. 59 (2): 342-342 [Abstract] ( 42 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 818KB] ( 17 ) 380 2024 Vol. 59 (2): 380-380 [Abstract] ( 51 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 237KB] ( 31 ) INTELLIGENT GEOPHYSICAL TECHNIQUE 185 Seismic velocity inversion method based on feature enhancement U-Net ZHANG Yan, MENG Decong, SONG Liwei, DONG Hongli The challenge faced by seismic velocity inversion methods based on deep neural networks is that the weak semantic mapping correspondence between seismic data in the time domain and model information in the spatial domain leads to a high degree of multiplicity.Additionally， neural networks lack effective guidance in mapping seismic data to velocity models， making them susceptible to noise interference and thus affecting inversion accuracy.Therefore， a seismic velocity inversion method based on feature enhancement U-Net is proposed.Firstly， by integrating the features of multi-shot seismic data， the spatial relationship between the seismic time series signal input to the network and the corresponding velocity model becomes more apparent.Subsequently， based on the concept of multi-scale feature fusion， modules with convolutional kernels of varying sizes are designed to bolster the network’s capacity for learning effective features.Next， attention gates are used to guide the network and enhance the features that the network focuses on.Finally， based on the bottleneck residual and pre-activation， a pre-activation bottleneck residual is incorporated into the network， to avoid gradient disappearance and network degradation.The experiment shows that this method has higher accuracy in seismic velocity inversion and performs well in noise testing.It has a certain generalization ability. 2024 Vol. 59 (2): 185-194 [Abstract] ( 73 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 5434KB] ( 87 ) PROCESSING TECHNIQUE 195 POCS high-efficient reconstruction method of seismic signals based on regional threshold model WANG Minling, WU Qiming, WANG Honghua, XI Yuhe, WANG Yucheng Most of the projection onto convex sets （POCS） algorithms widely used for seismic signal reconstruction use linear or exponential threshold models，which have high computational efficiency，but have poor reconstruction effect due to the difficulty in eliminating the noise caused by the leakage of missing signals. Therefore，this paper proposes a POCS seismic signal reconstruction method based on the regional threshold model，which transforms the numerical threshold into a regional threshold，and the regional filtering window is iteratively updated as the threshold. The core idea is to reserve the transform coefficients of effective signal as much as possible by selecting a rectangular or a sectorial region of fixed size as a threshold according to a certain law in each POCS reconstruction iteration based on the frequency-wavenumber （F-K） spectrum distribution range of missing seismic signal in the spatiotemporal domain，and reserving and zeroing the transform coefficients inside and outside the region respectively. The rectangular and sectorial threshold models for POCS reconstruction of seismic signals are thus constructed. The numerical results demonstrated that compared with the POCS reconstruction of the exponential threshold model in the F-K domain，the regional threshold model in the F-K domain has a higher reconstruction accuracy for continuous missing signals. Compared with the sectorial region threshold model，the reconstruction accuracy and computational efficiency of the rectangular region threshold model are slightly higher. Compared with the exponential threshold model reconstructed by POCS in the curvelet domain，the reconstruction accuracy of the regional threshold model in the F-K domain is similar，but the computational efficiency is increased by about 90%. 2024 Vol. 59 (2): 195-205 [Abstract] ( 61 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 10785KB] ( 51 ) SEISMIC SIMULATION 206 Dispersion characteristics of Scholte waves on horizontal layered seabed YU Pengfei, CHEN Junlin, JIANG Jiameng, YANG Xiaohui Scholte waves propagate along the seafloor fluid-solid interface and exhibit typical dispersion characteristics. The dispersion properties of Scholte waves can be utilized for the inversion of the shear wave velocity of the shallow seabed， making it an effective tool for seabed shear wave velocity modeling. It is of critical importance to establish the theoretical model of Scholte wave dispersion. In this study， a horizontal layered model of seawater-seabed elasticity is developed based on a real seawater-seabed environment. The dispersion equation and displacement equation for Scholte waves in this model are derived using the continuity conditions of boundary stress and displacement. The influence of seawater depth and seabed property parameters on the dispersion characteristics of Scholte waves is analyzed. Experimental results using a 6-layer seawater–seabed model show that： ①Regardless of the seabed is hard or soft， Scholte waves exhibit distinct dispersion characteristics. In the case of a hard seabed， the energy of Scholte waves is mainly concentrated in the seawater， with the fundamental mode having the weakest energy and the second mode having the strongest energy. As the seawater depth increases， the dispersion characteristics of Scholte waves weaken. For the soft seabed model， the energy of Scholte waves on the solid seabed significantly increases， and the seawater depth has little effect on Scholte wave dispersion characteristics. ②Compared with deep-water environments， Scholte waves have stronger energy and more pronounced dispersion characteristics in shallow water. Therefore， utilizing Scholte waves for inverting the shallow seabed shear wave velocity in shallow water environments yields higher accuracy and reliability. Finally， based on an actual seabed elastic geological model of a working area in the East China Sea， multi-component seismic data are simulated， and dispersion curves are extracted. A comparison analysis between the theoretically calculated dispersion curves and the extracted dispersion curves shows a good agreement， confirming the accuracy of our theoretical approach. 2024 Vol. 59 (2): 206-218 [Abstract] ( 65 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 12424KB] ( 39 ) MICROSEISMIC 219 Microseismic signal denoising method combining synchrosqueezing S-transform and τ-p transform QIN Liang, LI Tanglü, CAO Jixiang, HUANG ZhongLai, ZHANG Jianzhong, WANG Jinxi Microseismic monitoring is a common means to guide hydraulic fracturing operations and evaluate fracturing effects in shale gas extraction. The signal collected by ground monitoring has weak energy and low signal-to-noise ratio， which makes it difficult to identify microseismic events， and seriously affects the accuracy of positioning. Aiming at the ground microseismic monitoring data with low signal-to-noise ratio， a new noise cancellation method is proposed by combining synchronoussqueezing S-transform， spectral decomposition and τ-p transform. Firstly， the time difference correction is carried out on the monitoring data， and the in-phase axis of the microseismic signal is leveled. Then， the synchrosqueezing S-transform was applied to decompose the leveled data to obtain single-frequency slices. Then， the τ-p transform is performed on each single-frequency slice， and the microseismic signal position is obtained according to the results of the τ-p transform. Finally， noise cancellation is completed in the time-frequency domain according to the position of the signal. The processing results of ground microseismic monitoring data with low signal-to-noise ratio show that the new method can obtain ideal noise cancellation results. 2024 Vol. 59 (2): 219-229 [Abstract] ( 69 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 20016KB] ( 49 ) COMPREHENSIVE RESEARCH 230 Direct inversion of P-wave to S-wave velocity ratio by Lp quasi-norm sparse constraints ZHANG Tianyue, LIN Kai, WEN Xiaotao, ZHAO Lian, ZHANG Yuqiang, LEI Yang The P-wave to S-wave velocity ratio（vP/vS） is a vital tool for gas reservoir identification，reservoir characterization，and lithology recognition. At present，the P-wave velocity and S-wave velocity are mainly obtained through the inversion of the reflection coefficient approximate equation，and then the vP/vS is calculated. However， this indirect calculation method creates a cumulative error. To obtain the vP/vS directly from pre-stack seismic data，this paper proposes a new generalized elastic impedance equation and further derives an approximate equation of the P-wave reflection coefficient，which is linked to the vP/vS，P-wave velocity，and density. To achieve high-precision inversion results，this paper proposes a prestack seismic inversion method based on the sparse constraint of the Lp quasi-norm utilizing the derived approximation equation of reflection coefficient，which is solved by the alternating direction multiplier algorithm. The proposed direct inversion method is applied to theoretical models and practical data and compared with the indirect inversion method. The results demonstrate that the direct inversion method exhibits higher inversion accuracy and clearer boundary characterization of gas-bearing reservoirs. 2024 Vol. 59 (2): 230-237 [Abstract] ( 64 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 5636KB] ( 56 ) 238 Inversion of fracture density by Fourier coefficients of P-wave reflection amplitude LI Rong, XUE Jiao, GU Hanming Fracture prediction is a crucial aspect of unconventional reservoir forecasting.The fracture density not only reflects the degree of fracture development but also serves as a significant parameter influencing fracture porosity and permeability.In this study， a fracture density inversion method is proposed， which uses weighted sine and cosine components of Fourier coefficients of P-wave reflection amplitude.Drawing upon the linear sliding crack equivalent medium theory， relationships between Fourier coefficients of the HTI （Horizontal Transversely Isotropic） medium P-wave reflection amplitude and fracture density are derived separately for oil-bearing and gas-bearing conditions.Additionally， the second-order Fourier coefficients are employed to predict the azimuthal angle of the fracture symmetry axis.The research investigates the variation patterns of the signal-to-noise ratio of the second-order Fourier coefficients’sine and cosine components with respect to the azimuthal angle of the fracture symmetry axis when seismic data contain noise.An inversion method for fracture density is then proposed using weighted sine and cosine components of second-order Fourier coefficients.Model simulation results indicate that the proposed fracture density inversion method exhibits strong noise resistance and stability.Application of the method to actual seismic data demonstrates that the predicted fracture density aligns with well log information， thus validating the effectiveness of the approach. 2024 Vol. 59 (2): 238-249 [Abstract] ( 61 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 13087KB] ( 37 ) 250 Prestack decoupled stepwise inversion harmonized with physical and data prior knowledge ZHANG Fanchang, WU Ji'an, LAN Nanying Amplitude-versus-angle （AVA） inversion plays an important role in the prediction of reservoir elastic parameters. The angles of the AVA equation （physical prior knowledge） are not easily determined， and the ill-posed nature of the large sparse matrix will make the conventional prestack inversion procedure unstable. For this reason， a prestack decoupled stepwise inversion method harmonized with physical and data prior knowledge is proposed. Firstly， a non-sparse forward framework is established based on physical knowledge to increase the stability of parameter inversion and lay the foundation for decoupled stepwise inversion. Next， this paper takes well data as data prior knowledge and harmonizes it with physical and data prior knowledge to decouple the prestack seismic data for more accurate prestack seismic attributes. Finally， inversion of decoupled prestack seismic attributes is performed to get the reservoir elastic parameters. This method can correct the inversion procedure by well logging prior information， which can avoid the errors caused by the inaccurate angles in the physical prior knowledge. The actual data test results show that the inversion results of the proposed method have higher accuracy compared with the industrial AVA inversion method. In addition， the inversion results of this method have higher accuracy， in which the accuracy of the lame parameter， shear modulus， and density is improved by 14.1%， 13.6%， and 11.9%， respectively. 2024 Vol. 59 (2): 250-259 [Abstract] ( 64 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 10752KB] ( 37 ) 260 Characterization of volcano structure and identification of lithofacies based on 5D seismic data: a case study on Carboniferous volcanic rocks in Junggar Basin GU Wen, YIN Xingyao, DENG Yong, LUO Ying, ZHU Feng, HUANG Jianhui Five-dimensional （5D） seismic data can better analyze the changes in attributes such as travel time， speed， amplitude， frequency， and phase of seismic waves propagating in anisotropic media with azimuth angle. Moreover， the offset information is related to the scale， stratigraphic lithology， and fluid composition of the target geological body， while the azimuth angle information is related to the development characteristics of stratigraphic faults and fractures. Therefore， this paper proposes a technique for volcanic structure characterization and lithofacies identification based on 5D seismic data. By considering that the underground structure responds more obviously in the direction perpendicular to the strike direction， the paper constructs an azimuth analysis window to extract the dominant azimuth information and uses dip imaging to enhance the processed seismic data， so as to predict the volcanic structure. By using changes in dip and azimuth angles， the paper calculates the similarity of adjacent channels， improves the lateral signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data， and clarifies the macroscopic distribution range of volcanic structures. By defining the azimuth time window and combining the seismic trace inverse distance weighting algorithm， the paper extracts the most sensitive information about faults at each azimuth angle， improves the accuracy of volcanic structure characterization， and obtains a clearer volcanic morphology. Combined with kernel principal component analysis （KPCA）， the dominant attributes are fused to predict the favorable lithofacies of volcanic rocks. The proposed method accurately predicts the favorable zones of the third phase of volcanic rocks in the KM1 well area of the Junggar Basin， laying the foundation for the exploration and development of volcanic rock reservoirs in this area. 2024 Vol. 59 (2): 260-267 [Abstract] ( 57 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 10346KB] ( 47 ) 268 Prestack seismic stochastic inversion method based on spatial co-simulation CAO Yamei, ZHOU Hui, YU Bo, ZHANG Yuangao, DAI Shili Sequential stochastic simulation is generally used to characterize reservoir heterogeneity both in the iterative stochastic inversion and linear Bayesian stochastic inversion. Most sequential simulation methods rely on variograms or training images to describe the spatial correlation of model parameters. In addition， the simulation results are required to be calculated point by point， which makes parallel computing difficult and reduces computational efficiency. Therefore， a conditioned fast Fourier transform moving average （FFT-MA） is introduced into the linear inversion framework， and a prestack seismic stochastic inversion method based on spatial co-simulation is proposed. Firstly， the posterior probability distribution of elastic parameters is obtained by integrating seismic data and low-frequency well logging information under the Bayesian framework. Then， the probability field is generated according to the FFT-MA algorithm. Well logging data is taken as conditional data to conduct Bayesian posterior probability field co-simulation. High-resolution prestack stochastic inversion results of elastic parameters constrained by well logging and seismic data are thus obtained. No iteration and update of model parameters is required by the method， which greatly improves the computational efficiency of stochastic inversion. Finally， the validity of the proposed method is demonstrated by numerical model examples and practical data application cases. The numerical model examples show that the proposed method has significant advantages over conventional methods in terms of high-resolution reservoir prediction and computational efficiency. Small-scale reservoir characterizations can be explored stably and accurately. The practical data application cases show that the high-resolution inversion results obtained by the proposed method match well with well logging data. The practicality of stochastic inversion in characterizing quantitatively thin reservoirs is greatly improved. 2024 Vol. 59 (2): 268-278 [Abstract] ( 61 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 19441KB] ( 34 ) 279 Research and application of in-situ stress seismic data-based prediction approach of shale reservoirs based on fracture density inversion DU Bingyi, GAO Jianhu, ZHANG Guangzhi, DONG Xuehua, GUO Wei, ZHANG Junduo In-situ stress seismic data-based prediction approaches of shale reservoirs usually apply the elastic parameters to calculate differential horizontal stress ratios （DHSR）. However， there are shortcomings. First， the anisotropy parameters （fracture weakness） are included in the prediction formula and cannot be solved easily， making it difficult to predict in-situ stress； second， parameters such as Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio in the prediction formula are obtained by indirect inversion， and the accuracy is low， which is difficult to meet the requirements of shale gas geoengineering integration. Therefore， an in-situ seismic data-based prediction approach of shale reservoirs based on fracture density inversion is proposed. For enhancing the prediction accuracy， a longitudinal wave azimuthal anisotropy AVO formula based on Young's modulus， Poisson's ratio， and fracture density is established to directly invert elastic parameters， and the DHSR formula expressed by Poisson's ratio and fracture density is derived. The anisotropic petrophysical modeling of shale reservoirs is carried out according to well data， and pre-stack azimuthal anisotropy inversion is performed. The inverted Poisson's ratio and fracture density are applied to the estimated DHSR. The in-situ stress properties of shale reservoirs can be evaluated by the estimated DHSR. A real example verifies that smaller DHSR indicates that more orthogonal and complex fracture networks will be generated by hydraulic fracturing in different directions， which is beneficial for modifying the physical properties and seepage channels of the reservoir. A larger volume of reservoir reconstruction is more conducive to reservoir fracturing. In addition， larger DHSR means that hydraulic fracturing will generate non-orthogonal plane fractures parallel to the maximum horizontal principal stress， forming isolated fractures that are not beneficial for volume transformation. Meanwhile， the estimated DHSR result agrees with existing well logging in-situ stress calculation， fracturing monitoring， and production testing， and it fits with the geology recognition， revealing that the approach is effective and reliable. 2024 Vol. 59 (2): 279-289 [Abstract] ( 60 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 13705KB] ( 62 ) 290 Key seismic exploration techniques for identifying small faults and carbonate fracture-cavity bodies in Yingxiongling structural belt， Qaidam Basin CHEN Jingguo, DENG Zhiwen, WANG Fei, LI Jingye, WANG Kai, WU Di A set of key techniques of seismic exploration is proposed for the identification of deep carbonate fracture-cavity bodies and small faults in the Yingxiongling structural belt of the Qaidam Basin. First of all， from the aspect of data acquisition， the imaging accuracy of small faults can be improved by expanding the observation orientation， using a small combination of excitation and reception， and adopting an even arrangement of source and receiver points. From the aspect of seismic data processing， OVT domain multi-dimensional fidelity noise suppression technology and thick surface Q compensation processing technology can be used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and fidelity and effectively increase the bandwidth and resolution of seismic data. From the aspect of seismic data interpretation， the sub-azimuth data volume and artificial intelligent fault identification technology can be used to identify small faults effectively，and the anisotropic strength attribute can be used to identify the fracture-cavity body effectively.The techniques can be used for reference in other similar areas. 2024 Vol. 59 (2): 290-298 [Abstract] ( 53 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 15975KB] ( 70 ) 299 Inversion method of fracture density based on spatial constraints YUAN Jingyi, CAI Zhenzhong, ZHANG Yintao, XIE Zhou, SUN Chong, ZAHNG Xiaohong Due to the large error in conventional indirect prediction of fracture density using normal weakness and tangential weakness， this paper proposes a direct inversion method for fracture density in carbonate rocks （HTI medium）. Based on the inversion of amplitudes varying with offset and azimuth （AVAZ）， the paper introduces an inverse distance weighted method to optimize the transverse difference operator of traditional anisotropic total variational（ATV） multichannel inversion. The method fully utilizes the correlation between adjacent seismic tracks to further improve the horizontal continuity and stability of the inversion algorithm. Lateral constraints， low-frequency constraints， and sparse constraints are applied to construct the inversion objective function， and the alternate direction multiplier method （ADMM） is adopted to optimize the inversion objective function. With the two advantages of direct inversion of fracture density and inverse distance weighted interpolation， model tests are conducted on the Marmousi II model to verify the effectiveness and noise resistance of the proposed method. Then， the paper further verifies the practical feasibility of the proposed method by applying it to the actual data of carbonate rocks in YM block， Tarim Basin. The proposed method is more accurate and reliable for predicting fracture density and can be widely applied in similar areas. 2024 Vol. 59 (2): 299-310 [Abstract] ( 54 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 8704KB] ( 36 ) 311 Prestack inversion and brittleness prediction of dolomitic reservoir in eastern Junggar area ZHANG Junhua, CHEN Yongrui, YU Zhengjun, ZHOU Hao, REN Ruijun, GUI Zhipeng Brittleness is an important index to evaluate the fracturing ability of tight reservoir and is of great significance to oil and gas exploration and development. Due to the low exploration degree， large area and few exploration wells， it is difficult to describe and predict the brittleness of the dolomitic tight reservoir in the middle and lower part of Permian in the eastern Junggar basin. This paper carries out the prestack inversion and brittleness prediction of the reservoir by using the angle domain data， according to the petrophysics experiment. Prestack inversion includes the following methods. AVO inversion is applied to obtain the P+G and P×G attributes. Y（Young's modulus，E） P（Poisson's ratio，σ） D（density，ρ） and（L（λ）M（μ）R（ρ） inversions are applied to obtain the reflection coefficient of elastic parameters logging constrained inversion is utilized to get the actual value of multiple elastic parameters. Then， the brittleness is calculated with various characterization formulas， and its physical meaning and application effects are analyzed. The practical application shows that： ①There is a good fitting relationship between shear wave velocity and P-wave velocity in the study area， and Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio are distinguished from mudstone and non-mudstone. ②The dolomitic rock has the characteristic of high velocity， and the reservoir shows a double sweet spot structure. ③Using three small-angle data bodies to directly invert the reflection coefficient of elastic parameters， the YPD inversion method has a better reservoir identification effect and high resolution than LMR inversion. Especially in the density reflection coefficient data， obvious fan and channel alluvial features can be seen. ④There is a certain difference between the brittleness characterization results and the characteristics of elastic parameters. The favorable areas of the dolomitic rock characterized by brittleness are distributed in bands， while the elastic parameters basically distributed in continuous patches. ⑤ρE/σ is the best brittleness characterization formula in the study area， which can provide a reference for the prediction of brittleness in dolomitic tight reservoirs. 2024 Vol. 59 (2): 311-319 [Abstract] ( 54 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 6769KB] ( 37 ) 320 Application of oil and gas detection technology for lithological targets in Qiongdongnan Basin HUANG Rao, WANG Jianhua, YE Yunfei, NIU Cong, LING Yun The Y target in the ultra deep water area of Qiongdongnan Basin is a high-level delta underwater distributary channel sedimentary reservoir controlled by multi-level fault steps. The gas and water layers revealed by drilling data are both shown as “bright spots” in seismic data and have Class Ⅲ AVO features with amplitude enhancement along offset. Conventional oil and gas detection results based on amplitude information have multiple solutions. Therefore, a seismic full information hydrocarbon detection technology that fully utilizes the amplitude, frequency, and phase information of seismic data is proposed. Firstly, this paper comprehensively analyzes the post-stack and pre-stack seismic response characteristics of sandstone reservoirs and influencing factors via seismic forward modeling. It is pointed out that poro-sity and gas layer thickness are the main reasons affecting fluid identification by using amplitude information and proves that thick gas-bearing sandstones can be identified based on amplitude information. Secondly, the seismic reflection spectrum analysis shows that the attenuation of seismic waves caused by hydrocarbon layers is the main reason for the decrease in the main frequency and bandwidth of gas reservoirs. Finally, numerical simulation shows that both thick gas sand and thin gas sand under the background of water layers exhibit obvious absorption and phase anomalies, so the frequency and phase information related to seismic wave attenuation can be used for oil and gas detection. The application in the research area shows the proposed method can effectively distinguish between gas and water layers. The detection results are consistent with the actual drilling results, and provide a reliable basis for drilling implementation as well as effectively reduce exploration risks. 2024 Vol. 59 (2): 320-330 [Abstract] ( 60 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 9915KB] ( 41 ) NON-SEISMIC 331 Inversion of gravity full tensor gradient data based on U-Rnet network QI Rui, LI Houpu, HU Jiaxin, LUO Sha Gravity inversion is one of the important means to obtain the spatial structure and physical properties of underground geological bodies through surface information， and each gravity gradient component represents different geological body information. Gravity inversion combined with gravity gradient components can better reflect the shape and distribution of underground abnormal bodies. In this paper， a neural network-based algorithm for gravity full tensor data inversion is proposed. The U-Rnet network is applied to three-dimensional gravity full tensor data inversion. In order to test the effectiveness of the algorithm， six representative models are used for simulation experiments， and inversion results with clear boundaries and sparsity are obtained. Firstly， by comparing the inversion results of L2 and Tversky loss functions， it is found that the inversion results corresponding to Tversky loss functions can clearly represent the boundary position of the model. Then， by comparing the inversion results of different gradient tensor combinations， the results of four tests show diffe-rent inversion accuracy on three directions （x， y， z）， and the test 4 shows the lowest fitting error. Finally， the proposed method is applied to the FTG data of Vinton Salt Dome in Texas， USA， and the inversion results are consistent with the real geological information. 2024 Vol. 59 (2): 331-342 [Abstract] ( 54 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 7349KB] ( 26 ) 343 Transient electromagnetic one-dimensional inversion based on differential evolution algorithm WANG Shaojie, ZHOU Lei, XIE Xingbing, MAO Yurong, CHENG Jianzhong, YAN Liangjun The transient electromagnetic （TEM） data collected in practice encompasses both electromagnetic induction and induced polarization （IP） effects. Accurately extracting information on resistivity and polarization is crucial in the interpretation of electrical source TEM data. Therefore， firstly， the forward modeling is achieved by the finite-length electric source TEM method with a Cole-Cole complex resistivity model. On this basis， a one-dimensional inversion method of electrical source TEM based on a differential evolution algorithm is proposed. Based on the traditional differential evolution algorithm， the reverse learning strategy and the adaptive adjustment of control parameters are introduced to accelerate the convergence of the inversion. Meanwhile， constraint conditions are introduced into the objective function to form the minimum structure inversion， which reduces the multi-solution of the inversion. Based on the typical three-layer geoelectric model and complex multilayer model， the theoretical model is tested， and the resistivity and polarization of the model can be effectively restored by the inversion results. Finally， the measured data are used for inversion， and the inversion resistivity is consistent with that obtained by OCCAM. On the basis of the resistivity constraint， the polarization information is obtained by further inversion. Based on this resistivity constraint， further inversion is performed to obtain polarization information. The inversion results indicate that the algorithm proposed in this paper can accurately extract resistivity information from the measured data and obtain polarization distribution of underground media. It demonstrates the accuracy and applicability of the algorithm. 2024 Vol. 59 (2): 343-351 [Abstract] ( 53 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 4466KB] ( 38 ) REVIEW 352 Application of quantum computing in geophysics WANG Silin, LIU Cai, LI Peng, ZHAO Pengfei Quantum computing has revolutionary advances in computing due to its powerful computational capabilities.It provides a new tool for the computation of complex problems and has been applied in many disciplines and fields.In recent years， quantum computing has been applied in geophysics.The application of quantum algorithms and quantum computers provides technical support for revealing the internal structure of the earth and probing deep resources.Quantum computing can improve computation efficiency and has great potential in geophysics.To this end， the principle of quantum computing is systematically analyzed， and the development status of the quantum algorithm is summarized.The existing achievements in the fields of geophysical data acquisition， wave field simulation， and inverse problem solving are also summarized.The superiority of the quantum algorithm is verified by establishing the theoretical model and conducting the inversion.Finally， the possible research directions of quantum computing in the future are prospected. 2024 Vol. 59 (2): 352-367 [Abstract] ( 54 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3198KB] ( 52 ) 368 Development and tackling directions of seismic exploration technology for deep and ultra-deep marine carbonate rocks LI Chuang, HAN Linghe, YANG Zhe, YAN Lei, FENG Chao, WANG Zhenqing As Shunbei oil and gas area and Luntan 1 well in the Tarim Basin obtain industrial oil and gas flows at a depth of more than 8200 m， carbonate rock exploration is rapidly moving towards the deep and ultra-deep fields， posing a severe challenge to seismic exploration technology. This article mainly analyzes the research progress and problems faced in the theory of ultra-deep complex wave field seismic imaging. In terms of key technologies for predicting ultra-deep reservoirs， the current status of small fault identification through seismic data structure characterization and quantitative prediction methods for pore structure based on digital cores has been analyzed. From the perspective of geological exploration requirements， this paper proposes the development trend and key research directions of deep and ultra-deep carbonate reservoir and fluid prediction technology， so as to provide a reference for the theoretical and technical research of marine carbonate rock seismic exploration， and the following understandings are obtained： ① For ultra-deep seismic data with low signal-to-noise ratios， Q-stack depth migration and TTI medium RTM technology have achieved certain results in carbonate reservoir imaging. The key research directions include interlayer multi-wave suppression based on wave theory， anisotropic Q-RTM， least squares Q-RTM， and anisotropic omnidirectional angle domain imaging technology. ② The seismic data-based prediction technology of deep and ultra-deep heterogeneous carbonate reservoirs has the problems of weak theoretical methods and low prediction accuracy， so it is urgent to strengthen the exploration of theoretical methods and technical breakthroughs. ③ The deep integration of seismic petrophysical experiment and reservoir geology， the refined seismic data-based prediction technology of sensitive reservoir properties based on the wave characteristics of two-phase media （frequency， dispersion， and attenuation）， artificially intelligent and quantitative prediction of carbonate reservoirs， and fluid detection technology are important development directions. The development trend of “reliable deep seismic data， multi-disciplinary and high-precision characterization of reservoirs， and deep learning artificial intelligence” is obvious. 2024 Vol. 59 (2): 368-379 [Abstract] ( 83 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 5874KB] ( 76 ) PERSONEGE 381 Geophysicist SUN Jianguo 2024 Vol. 59 (2): 381-381 [Abstract] ( 60 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 1649KB] ( 67 )

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